Farmakologie Farmakokinetické parametry antimikrobiálních
Video: Vynesení: definice farmakokinetických parametrů
přípravky | Dávka (mg) sposobprimeneniya | Cmax, mg / l | T 1/2, hod | AUC, mg / l.h | Vylučování močí,% | Bio dostupnost% | Propojení proteinů,% |
peniciliny | |||||||
penicilin G | 500 / m | 4.5 | 1.5 | 13.7 | 48 | 65 | |
penicilin V. | 500, ext. | 3-3,6 | 0,74 | 5.3 | 50 | 35 | 80 |
oxacilinu | 500, ext. | 2 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 20 | 30 | 94 |
500 / m | 6.5 | 0.8 | 8.8 | 42 | |||
cloxalicin | 500, ext. | 7.3 | 0.8 | 14.3 | 39 | 35 | 95 |
500 / m | 20 | 0.8 | 38.5 | 50 | |||
dikloksatsillin | 250, ext. | 9.3 | 0.6 | 21.9 | 59 | 40 | 98 |
250 / m | 8.6 | 1.8 | 24.9 | 80 | |||
ampicilin | 500, ext. | 5.1 | 0.8 | 12.1 | 50 | 40 | 20 |
500 / v | 1 | 51.9 | |||||
amoxicillin | 500, ext. | 16 | 1 | 29.2 | 49.5 | 80 | 17 |
500 / m | 10.9 | 1.1 | 38.7 | 48.7 | |||
karbenicilinu | 1000 / m | 29.8 | 1.5 | 94.3 | 80 | 50-60 | |
tikarcilinu | 750 / m | 24.1 | 1.2 | 71.9 | 69.5 | 45 | |
azlocilin | 2000 I / | 352 | 1 | 60-70 | 20-40 | ||
piperacilin | 1000 I / | 70,7 | 1 | 36 | 70-80 | 20-40 | |
TsefalosporinyI | |||||||
Tsefalozolin | 500 / m | 47.1 | 1.8 | 18.6 | 66-74 | 73-87 | |
cefalexin | 500, ext. | 16.9 | 0.8 | 20.9 | 84 | 90 | 50-80 |
cefadroxilu | 500, ext. | 15.4 | 1.4 | 49.4 | 7-84 | 90 | 20 |
cefaclor | 500, ext. | 5.3 | 0.8 | 6,98 | 90 | 22-25 | |
TsefalosporinyII | |||||||
Tsefamandol | 1000 / m | 20.1 | 0.85 | 58 | 65-80 | 56-78 | |
cefoxitinem | 1000 I / | 125 | 0,5-0,8 | 65.3 | 80-90 | 65-79 | |
tsefotetan | 2000 I / | 208,7 | 06.3.-02.4. | 780,4 | 70-78 | 78 až 91 | |
Tsefuroksin | 500 / m | 27.4 | 1,2-1,5 | 54.5 | > 90 | 33-50 | |
cefuroximaxetil | 250, ext. | 6.3 | 1.2 | 18.9 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
TsefalosporinyIII | |||||||
ceftazidim | 1000 I / | 125,8 | 1,9-2,7 | 408,6 | 14-27 | 82 - 93 | |
cefotaximu | 500 / m | 15.4 | 1.1 | 31.4 | 55-65 | 30-51 | |
ceftazidim | 1000 I / | 77,4 | 1.9 | 147,3 | 89 | < 10 | |
ceftizoxim | 1000 I / | 52.2 | 1.5 | 100,9 | 73-85 | 30 | |
ceftriaxon | 1000 I / | 161,2 | 6-8 | 1005 | 54 | 85-95 | |
Tsefpodoksimproksetil | 100, ext. | 1.34 | 1.9 | 7.8 | 44 | 50 | 40 |
ceftibuten | 200, ext. | 9.3 | 1,8-2 | 43.7 | 78 | 80 | 65-77 |
TsefalosporinyIV | |||||||
cefepim | 100, v / v | 74.9 | 1,6-2 | 153,7 | 75-90 | 20 | |
karbapenemy | |||||||
imipenem | 1000 I / | 54.6 | 0.9 | 85.8 | 76 | 15-25 | |
meropenem | 1000 I / | 61.6 | 1 | 90.8 | 75 | 2 | |
monobaktamů | |||||||
aztreonam | 1000 I / | 93,5 | 1.8 | 222 | 70-80 | 55-60 | |
Ingibitorybeta-laktamázu | |||||||
Klavulanovayakislota | 125, ext. | 3.4 | 0.7 | 7.8 | 37 | ||
200, v / v | 26.1 | 1 | 16.7 | 41-48 | |||
sulbaktam | 1000 I / | 90.7 | 1.3 | 88.2 | 85-94 | ||
tazobaktam | 1000 I / | 51 | 0.6 | 53.5 | 77 | 23 | |
aminoglykosidy | |||||||
kanamycin | 3,2 mg / kg / m | 11.9 | 2.1 | 44.2 | 84 | 0-10 | |
gentamicin | 1 mg / kg / m | 5.8 | 2.2 | 19.7 | 60 | 0-10 | |
1 mg / kg / na | 3,85 | 1.6 | 14.6 | 69 | |||
tobramycin | 80 mg / kg / m | 3.7 | 2.1 | 11.9 | 60.6 | 0-10 | |
1 mg / kg / na | 4.4 | 2 | 18.1 | 58.5 | |||
amikacin | 3,2 mg / kg / m | 11.4 | 1.55 | 35.3 | 55.5 | 0-10 | |
2 mg / kg / na | 8.3 | 2.2 | 15.2 | " | " | ||
netilmicinu | 1 mg / kg / m | 5.2 | 2.33 | 19.6 | 66 | 0 | |
makrolidy | |||||||
Eritromitsinstearat | 250, ext. | 0,2-0,8 | 1,2-2,6 | 4-15 | 30-65 | 60-70 | |
roxithromycin | 300, ext. | 9-10 | 8-15 | 132 | 10 | > 90 | > 90 |
azithromycin | 500, ext. | 1-2 | 7,7-10 | 3,39 | 4.5 | 37 | 12-50 |
spiramycin | 3 miliony IU, ext | 0.96 | 4,5-6,2 | 8.5 | 13.3 | 33 | 23 |
clarithromycin | 500 mg, ext | 1,8-3,5 | 2,6-4,9 | 11-18 | 12-14 | 30-55 | 42-70 |
tetracykliny | |||||||
doxycycline | 300, ext. | 3-4 | 10-15 | 25-40 | 93 | 80-90 | |
glykopeptidy | |||||||
vancomycin | 1000 I / | 20-50 | 6 | 90 | 30-60 | ||
teicoplaninu | 6 mg / kg / na | 112 | 45 | 520 | 40-50 | 90 | |
oxazolidinony | |||||||
linezolid | 600 mg, ext | 17.5 | 5-7 | 30-35 | 100 | 31 | |
fluorochinolony | |||||||
ciprofloxacin | 500, ext. | 2-2,9 | 3-7 | 7-10 | 40-60 | 60-70 | 40 |
ofloxacin | 400, ext. | 3,5-5,3 | 5-8 | 28-35 | 70-90 | 95-100 | 25 |
pefloxacin | 400, ext. | 3,8-4,1 | 6-14 | 49-87 | 60 | 95-100 | 20-30 |
norfloxacin | 400, ext. | 1,4-1,8 | 3,3-5,5 | 4-6,3 | 30-40 | 35-40 | 14 |
lomefloksatsin | 400, ext. | 3-5,2 | 6,5-7,8 | 27 | 80 | 95-100 | 21 |
sparfloxacin | 400, ext. | 1,2-1,6 | 18-20 | 31-42 | 10-15 | 60 | 44 |
Grepafloksatsin | 400, ext. | 1.4 | 13.7 | 14.4 | 38 | 72 | 50 |
moxifloxacin | 400 mg, ext | 2,5-3,1 | 12-14 | 29.8 | 42 | 91 | 48 |
levofloxacin | 500 mg, ext | 5.1 | 6.3 | 44.7 | 70 | 100 | 30-40 |
Drugiepreparaty | |||||||
clindamycin | 150, ext. | 2.5 | 2-4 | 10 | 90 | 94 | |
fosfomycin | 20 mg / kg / na | 132 | 2.25 | 168 | < 10 | ||
20 mg / kg, ext. | 7.1 | 3.1 | 45.2 | 60 | |||
rifampicin | 600, ext. | 9 | 3.3 | 10-25 | vysoký | 75-90 | |
metronidazol | 250, ext. | 6 | 6-14 | 8 | 90 | 20 | |
chloramfenikol | 500, ext. | 8-14 | 1,5-3,5 | 90 (10%) | 80 | 50-60 | |
Trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazolu | 160 + 800 HV. | 1,9 + 65 | 11 ± 9 | 70-85 + 80-95 | 90-100 | 40-70 | |
nitrofurantoin | 50, ext. | 0,5 | 3800 | 90 | |||
spektinomycin | 1000 / m | 100 | 2 | 70-90 | 0 | ||
antimykotika | |||||||
ketokonazol | 200 mg, ext | 07.01.-05.04. | 8 | 70% | 75 | 99 | |
itrakonazol | 200 mg, ext | 0,25-1 | 20-36 | < 1 | 70 | 99 | |
miconazole | 600 mg / v | 2-3 | 20-24 | 10-25% | - | 90 | |
flukonazol | 100 mg, ext | 2 | 30 | 70-80 | 80 | 10 | |
flucytosin | 2 g ext | 45 | 3-5 | 85-95 | >80 | <10 | |
amfotericin B | 50 mg / v | 2 | 24-48 | 5 / d | - | >90 |
Video: Vivitrol. Farmakodynamika a farmakokinetika
Legenda: I / O - vnutrivenno- in / m- intramuskulární ext. - dovnitř.
Cmax -Maximální koncentrace v krvi;
T1/2 - zatímco dvojitý-klesající vkrovi- koncentrací
AUC - ploschadpod farmakokinetickou křivku.